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Hybrid Pultruded Plank with a Concrete Compression Flange for Pedestrian Bridges
By: Lawrence Bank
Company: University of Wisconsin-Madison
Description: This study was conducted to determine the feasibility of using a commercially produced 2 inch deep fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) plank with a 0.75 1.0 inch cast-in-place concrete or cement board compression flange as replacement for conventional timber 3 x 12 decking bridge deck for pedestrian or light-weight vehicle bridges.
Toughened Polymer Coating Technology
By: Linda Bergstrom
Company: CCP
Description: New polymer coating and barrier technologies have been developed that have superior toughness and impact resistance incomparison to industry standard materials. These new coating and barrier technologies also offer a number of other benefits including gloss retention after weathering, water resistance, and wear resistance.
Impact Properties of Polyester Resins
By: Stephen Brooks
Company: Reichhold
Description: This paper investigates impact properties of several different resin chemistries and whether and to what extent the static tensile elongation value of a resin relates to a composites ability to absorb energy when subject to an impact load.
Measurement of diffusion and permeation coefficients of oxygen in FRP based on luminescence quenching
By: Sanchari Chowdhury
Company: University of South Florida
Description: Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) is increasingly being used for rehabilitating corroded concrete structures. Oxygen is one important parameter for corrosion in concrete. Present paper discusses about measurement of diffusion and permeation coefficients of oxygen in FRP.
Numerical Modeling of Simultaneous and Sequential Multi-Site Impact Response of S-2 Glass/Epoxy Composite Laminates
By: Lakshya Deka
Company: University of Alabama at Birmingham
Description: This paper attempts to describe the effect of multiple impact on themoset composite plates in terms of energy absorption and delamiantion through experimental and numerical analysis
Fire Characteristics of Polyester FRP Composites with Different Glass Contents
By: Nicholas Dembsey
Company: WPI - Fire Protection Engineering
Description: For the composites industry to "design for fire" more thorough understanding of how typical FRPs decompose under fire conditions is needed. A polyester resin system and three glass contents will be considered. This study provides complete data sets for pyrolysis modeling for the polyester FRP composite.
Hybrid Composite Phenolic foams
By: Amit Desai
Company: University of Southern California
Description: We have developed Hybrid Composite Phenolic foam reinforced with glass and nomex fibers. These foams were tested for compression and shear properties and properties were compared with unreinforced foams and commercial polyurethane foams. Siginificant improvement was observed in properties of Hybrid foams compared to other foams.
Using Peroxides to Optimize Process Control for Styrene Emissions
By: Dennis Fink
Company: Norac, Inc
Description: It is possible to reduce the amount of stryene emittted in the laminating process by making a thicker laminate, thereby reducing the overall surface area of the process. The proper chioce of initiators can give the required working time while reducing the peak exotherm, making this possible.
Toughened and High Temperature stable Vinyl Esters based on Fatty Acid Modifications for Liquid Molding Applications
By: Xing Geng
Company: Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Drexel University
Description: High performance low VOC vinyl ester resin was developed by usinig fatty acid as a replacement of syrene. The thus designed resin system possesses low VOC, high temperature resistance, good toughness and can be easily using in composite manufacturing by liquid molding technique
Elastic Buckling Behavior Characteristics of GFRP Pipe with Reinforced Ribs
By: Taek Hee Han
Company: Korea University
Description: Buckling analyses were performed for GFRP pipes with ribs and the results showed its enhanced buckling strength. By the FE analyses and regression a for-mula was proposed to calculate the buckling strength of a pipe with ribs made of orthogonal material. The pro-posed formula showed sufficient accuracy.
A Comparison of CIPP Mechanical Properties Laboratory VS. Field
By: David Herzog
Company: Interplastic Corporation
Description: Laboratory prepared CIPP sample panels have higher physical properties than field generated samples. This paper will examine differences in properties between laboratory and field generated samples. It will try to explain why the differences exist and alternate methods to improve correlation of results.
Using multiple peroxides with complementing resin to provide improved laminate cure and part profile
By: John Hewitt
Company: Interplastic Corporation
Description: This paper will show how one resin can provide the rapid cure needed in thin laminates while providing the extended working time and moderate exotherm desired in thick laminates. The importance of using a resin that has been designed to optimize the performance of different peroxides will be discussed.
Fabrication of Chopped Fiber Preforms by the 3-DEP Process
By: Mark Janney
Company: Materials Innovation Technologies, LLC
Description: The Three Dimensional Engineered Preform Process (3DEP) is an innovative, high volume method for making chopped-fiber preforms. The key to the process is a slurry molding machine in which the forming tool is supported on a gimbaled mount.
IR Thermography as a Means of Quantifying Defects and Progression in FRP Rehabilitation of Concrete
By: Vistasp Karbhari
Company: UCSD
Description: Paper describes the use of IR Thermography as a quantitative means of inspection of defects and progression thereof in FRP rehabilitated concrete structures
Comparison of Compression Test Methods for Pultruded Product
By: Ellen Lackey
Company: University of Mississippi
Description: The purposes of this paper are to discuss a number of the test methods currently available for compression testing of polymeric composites and to experimentally compare the use of these methods for pultruded composites.
Analysis of Cellular FRP Composite Bridge Deck Utilizing Conformable Tire Patch Loading
By: Prasun Majumdar
Company: Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Virginia Tech
Description: There are no standards or design guidelines to characterize FRP composite deck systems. Type of loading patch influences failure mode and hence durability of cellular FRP deck. Considering local effects of a real tire and relative stiffness, a simulated tire patch has been proposed for performance testing of FRP deck.
Unbonded CFRP Bar System for External Post-Tensioning
By: Fabio Matta
Company: RB2C University of Miami
Description: A novel externally post-tensioned carbon FRP system for structural rehabilitation is presented. Unbonded CFRP bars are used as tendons and are connected to end-anchors engineered to allow the development of the full bar strength. A demonstrative installation performed by an engineering students team at the University of Miami is documented.
FRP Composites for Retrofitting of Existing Civil Structures in Europe: State-of-the-Art Review
By: Masoud Motavalli
Company: Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories of Materials Testing and Research
Description: The paper will present the state-of-the-art of the FRP composites for strengthening of existing civil struc-tures in Europe. A few applications for FRP strengthening of Reinforced Concrete (RC) structures as well as historical masonry buildings will be presented.
State-of-the-Art of FRP and SHM Applications in Bridge Structures in Canada
By: Kenneth Neale
Company: Universite de Sherbrooke
Description: In this paper, some of the innovations that have been implemented through various research and bridge field demonstration projects across Canada are described. This paper also discusses the durability and life cycle costing and engineering (LCC&E) issues that are central to using FRPs and SHM.
The Development of a Marble Clear Gel Coat with Improved Performance Properties
By: Dan Oakley
Company: AOC
Description: This paper describes the development and optimization of a marble clear gel coat with improved performance in thermal cycle testing, color, and cure characteristics.
Bridge Decks Strengthened with Near-Surface Mounted Bars Embedded in Cement-Based Grout
By: Christina O'Neill
Company: University of Florida
Description: Seven reinforced concrete bridge deck segments were tested in flexure using three different types of Near-surface mounted (NSM) bars (GFRP, CFRP and MMFX) and two types of adhesive/filler materials (epoxy and cement based grout). Significant improvement in the flexural capacity was found for all specimens.
Using Instrumented Impact Testing as an Indicator of Resin Acrylic-Bonding-Potential for Tub and Shower Laminates
By: Greg Pattison
Company: Reichhold
Description: Impact testing is employed to find a better way to test for resin adhesion to an acrylic substrate. Impact testing imparts forces that more similar to real field impacts then traditional tensile adhesion testing. Results from tensile adhesion testing are compared to results from impact testing using specially designed samples.
Development of prototype pultruded structural fuel cell
By: Daniel Peairs
Company: Virginia Tech
Description: This paper describes the development of a prototype fuel cell system that can withstand structural loads. The prototype fuel cell system is assembled using pultrusion, allowing for high volume production of fuel cell components.
Emission Factors Derived by Mass Balance for the Production of Sheet Molding Compound
By: Christine Piper
Company: Molded Fiber Glass Research Company
Description: The results from the laboratory mass balance model were compared to the results obtained by method 204D conducted at a processing facility. The purpose of this research was to determine if the mass balance model could be used to determine the styrene emission factor for a SMC machine.
Reactive Copromoter for Unsaturated Polyester Resins
By: Jeffery Powell
Company: Eastman Chemical Company
Description: This paper explores the use of a reactive copromomter to provide increased resin cure reactivity, crosslinking the copromoter into the polymer matrix, and providing resin formulators with a non-HAPS styrene replacement.
Enhancing the Surface Finish of LFT Compression Molded Parts via Application of Surface Film
By: Jessica Ravine
Company: National Composite Center
Description: This paper considers the current technology for imparting a desirable surface finish to LFT materials. Polypropylene-based flat LFT panels with surface films are molded using an extrusion compression molding process. A Design of Experiments is used to identify the operating parameters yielding the best results.
Interlaminar Normal Stresses in Composite Materials Using Shell Elements for Strength Analysis
By: Ren Roos
Company: ETH Zurich, Centre of Structure Technologies
Description: A post process method for interlaminar normal stresses in doubly curved thick-walled laminates is presented. The analytical model is implemented in a numerical efficient way and for different finite layered shell element types. A simple specimen shows the need of a model for the INS linked with shell finite elements.
Developments in Weatherable Sheet Molding Compound
By: Robert Seats
Company: Ashland, Inc.
Description: This paper discusses new developments in weatherable sheet molding compound technology that allow its use in a wider range of application areas.
Further Developments in Underwater FRP Pile Repair
By: Rajan Sen
Company: USF
Description: This paper traces progress made in the application of fiber reinforced polymers for repairing piles in tidal waters with particular reference to four completed demonstration projects. The most recent advance is the incorporation of pressure bagging to improve bond. The incorporation of a sacrificial cathodic protection system is planned.
Fabrication of Secondary Bonded VARTM Composite Doubler-Plate Joint Panel with Embedded Fiber Bragg Grating Strain Sensors for Fatigue Crack Monitoring
By: Rodrigo Silva-Munoz
Company: University of Maine
Description: A methodology to fabricate secondary bonded composite doubler-plate joints with embedded distributed sensing system (DSS) sensors of the type fiber Bragg grating (FBG), through Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding (VARTM) processing is presented. The sensors are intended to monitor longitudinal crack propagation in doubler-plate joint specimens under fatigue tension loading.
A Non-Halogenated Flame Retardant Additive for Pultrusion
By: Aaron Small
Company: Luna Innovations
Description: Superabsorbent polymers can be loaded with inexpensive inorganic phosphates as the flame retardant component in composite systems. The fire, smoke, electromagnetic, and mechanical performance of this novel FR material has been characterized on 1/8h-1/4h flat strip pultrusion trials along with its processability in both polyester and vinyl ester resin systems.
Carbonaceous Nanomaterials in the Fabrication of Conductive Composites
By: Aaron Small
Company: Luna Innovations
Description: Carbonaceous and metallic nanomaterial containing composite coupons are compared with control panels with respect to surface resistivity, faying resistance, and EMI shielding potential in order to determine the ability of the additives to impart conductivity in the composite parts.
The Impact of Release Agent on Pultruded FRP
By: Clint Smith
Company: STRONGWELL
Description: This paper reviews the mechanical property performance of two different release agents for pultruded FRP in a statistically design of experiments format
Ways to improve performances of reinforced polymers: from dispersion up to interphase control.
By: Valerie Smits
Company: Dow Corning Europe S.A.
Description: The performance of reinforced polymers depends on the filler characteristics, but also on its dispersion and polymer-filler interactions. Silanes are known to improve dispersion. More interestingly, silane can generate an interphase that significantly impacts the bulk performance. Surface and Interphase Solution Center dedicates research activities trying to control this interphase.
Characterization of Nanoclay Nanocomposites
By: Ryan Snyder
Company: National Composites Center
Description: A introduction to the characterization of clay containing nanocomposites and the difficulties associated with trying to quantify amount of exfoliation and dispersion in these composites.
How does glass content affect fire performance of FRP Composites
By: Michael Stevens
Company: Ashland Inc
Description: A study has been conducted to determine how laminate construction affects the flame and smoke values measured. The results of this study will be discussed. It was seen the lamiante construction can have a big impact on the fire test results.
Use of FRP in Construction in Scandinavia - Experiences and a verification test
By: Tech Bjorn Taljsten
Company: Technical University of Denmark
Description: A paper decribing briefly the use of FRP in Scandinavia and in particular in Sweden. A verification test regarding a CFRP strengthened concrete road bridge
Structural Thermoplastic Composite Air Conditioning Door for Mass Transit Bus
By: K. Balaji Thattaiparthasarthy
Company: University of Alabama at Birmingham
Description: Polypropylene (PP) and nylon based long fiber thermoplastics (LFT) are used in automotive parts such as bumpers and underbody panels in the mass transit industry. Their advantages of high specific tensile properties, reduced weight, cost and recyclability have enabled them to replace metals. LFTs have thermoplastic matrix reinforced with long glass or carbon fibers (25 mm) and are processed to end products by the extrusion/compression molding process. The current work focuses on design, analysis and processing of a cost effective, low cycle time mass transit bus battery box door that replaces an existing metal frame door. A considerable weight reduction of 60% using the LFT thermoplastic design was predicted over the current steel door design. The process modeling predicted the part filling, fiber distribution, preferential orientation, shrinkage and warpage, for different molding parameters such as temperature, pressure, and charge placement.
Effects of Contour Cuts on Shear Properties of Ductile Foam Cores
By: Sara Trofka
Company: DIAB Inc.
Description: Ductile foam cores have been more prominent in the marine industry due to increased energy absorption and higher strain to failure properties. This paper will discuss how contour cuts affect the shear properties of two common closed-cell ductile foam cores, PVC and SAN foam cores.
Examination of Mechanical Test Methods for Pultruded Sheet Piling
By: James Vaughan
Company: University of Mississippi
Description: The need for standardized tests has been cited as being necessary to expand the use of composite pilings. However, standard mechanical test procedures have not been established. Various test methods are examined and data are evaluated in order to identify methods that can be used to successfully test these materials.
State-of-the-Art of Advanced FRP Applications in Civil Infrastructure in Japan
By: Zhishen Wu
Company: Ibaraki University
Description: This paper addresses the state of the art of application of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) materials in civil infrastructure in Japan while highlighting both completed field projects and future developments and opportunities.
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